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Newton’s law of viscosity is given by Ƭ = µ du/dy Where, Ƭ = shear stress. µ = absolute or dynamic viscosity. du/dy = velocity gradient. Newtonian fluids: Fluids which follow this law are known as Newtonian fluids. Example of Newtonian fluids are Air, water etc. But non Newtonian fluids are tar, paste, blood, glycerin etc.

A fluid may be defined as a substance which deforms continuously when subjected to a shear stress or in other words a fluid is a substance which cannot withstand shear stress. Fluid mechanics deals with the behavior of fluids at rest and in motion. Fluids may be of liquid or gaseous forms. Liquid is practically incompressible and occupy definite volume and have free surfaces. Whereas, gaseous

A system is defined as a region in space containing a specific amount of matter whose behavior is being observed. The system is separated from its surrounding by a boundary. The boundary may be a real one or some imaginary surface covering the region. The boundary may be at rest or in motion and may change its size or shape. The term surrounding is restricted to those portions of matter

In thermodynamics a working substance is defined as a fluid (liquid or gas) in which energy can be stored, removed or transferred through. Example Air in IC engine, steam in boiler, water in hydraulic turbine. Pure substance A pure substance needs to be – 1. Homogeneous in composition (i.e. single chemical species) 2. Homogeneous and invariable in chemical aggregation (i.e.

Thermodynamics is the study of energy and its transformation. Most studies of thermodynamics are primarily concerned with two forms of energy – heat and work. Thermodynamics study includes quantitative analysis of machine and processes for transformation of energy and between work and heat. In classical thermodynamics a macroscopic viewpoint is taken regarding such matters. The term